أسماك وبرمائيات

معلومات مثيرة عن سمكة ابو شراع

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إقرأ أيضا

سمك السلور: وصف و معلومات مثيرة للاهتمام

وصف ومعلومات عن السردين

 Albacore Tuna

وصف وحقائق عن تونة الباكور (Thunnus alalunga)

تنتمي سمكة ابوشراع إلى عائلة marlin أو Istiophoridae. بصرف النظر عن أنواع المارلين الأخرى ، تشترك هذه الأسماك في الأقارب مع سمك أبو سيف والبراكودا. ضمن عائلة مارلين ، وضع الباحثون نوعي سمكة ابوشراع في جنسهم التصنيفي ، Istiophorus. تابع القراءة للتعرف على سمكة ابو شراع.

وصف سمكة ابو شراع

يمكنك بسهولة تمييز هذين النوعين عن بقية أفراد أسرتهم من خلال الزعانف الظهرية الكبيرة على ظهورهم. الزعنفة ، التي تشبه الشراع ، تجري على طول ظهورهم وتعطيهم اسمهم. مثل كل مارلين ، لديهم فواتير طويلة مدببة.

تاريخياً ، بلغ طول هذه الأسماك 11 قدمًا ووزنها 220 رطلاً. او اكثر. ومع ذلك ، فقد أدى ضغط الصيد إلى انخفاض كبير في عدد الأفراد الذين يصلون إلى مثل هذه الأحجام الرائعة. يبلغ متوسط ​​طول الفرد 4 أو 5 أقدام ويزن حوالي 150 رطلاً.

حقائق مثيرة للاهتمام حول سمكة ابو شراع

هذه الأسماك المدهشة لها عدد من السمات الفريدة والتكيفات. تعرف على المزيد حول ما يجعلها مثيرة للاهتمام للغاية أدناه.

  • النوعان – لقد تعرف الباحثون على نوعين مختلفين من أسماك أبو شراع ، المحيط الأطلسي والمحيط الهندي والمحيط الهادئ. كما توحي أسمائهم ، فإن الأنواع الأطلسية تمتد من المحيط الأطلسي ، بينما يسكن المحيط الهندي والمحيط الهادئ منطقة المحيطين الهندي والهادئ.
  • نزاع الأنواع – ومع ذلك ، تشير أبحاث الحمض النووي إلى أن النوعين لا يمكن أن يكون لهما اختلافات في الأنساب. لهذا السبب ، تعتبر العديد من الهيئات الحاكمة فقط نوعًا واحدًا صالحًا ، خلد الماء .
  • الشراع – على الرغم من حقيقة أنك ربما لم ترَ سوى واحدة تم تصويرها بشراعها لأعلى ، إلا أن هذه السمكة تسبح عادةً مع ثني الشراع لأسفل إلى ظهرها. هذا يساعد على تبسيط الجسم والسباحة بشكل أسرع.
  • وظيفة الشراع – قرر الباحثون أن هذه الأسماك ترفع أشرعتها عندما تصطاد الأسماك. يعتقدون أن الشراع يقلل من حركة الرأس ، مما يجعل من الصعب على السمكة رؤيتها.

موطن سمكة ابوشراع

كلا النوعين يستخدمان الموائل السطحية أو المحيطات المفتوحة. إنهم لا يعيشون في ارتباط وثيق بالسواحل أو بقاع البحر. وبشكل أكثر تحديدًا ، فهم يعيشون داخل المنطقة السطحية ، أو المنطقة الممتدة من سطح المحيط إلى أعماق تخترق الضوء. يقضون معظم وقتهم بالقرب من السطح ، على الرغم من أنهم يسبحون أحيانًا في المياه العميقة.

إقرأ أيضا:معلومات و حقائق عن التمساح الأمريكي

توزيع سمكة ابوشراع

يمكنك العثور على هذه الأسماك في المياه الاستوائية والمعتدلة في جميع أنحاء العالم. تهاجر موسميا ، مبتعدة عن خط الاستواء في الصيف وتعود نحو المناطق الاستوائية في الشتاء. الأنواع المختلفة تستخدم مناطق مختلفة. يمكنك العثور على هذه الأسماك في المحيط الأطلسي والمحيط الهادئ والمحيط الهندي.

حمية سمكة ابوشراع

هذه الأسماك لها عادات تغذية آكلة اللحوم ، مما يعني أنها تأكل حيوانات أخرى. يتكون نظامهم الغذائي بشكل أساسي من الأسماك والمأكولات البحرية ، مما يجعلها آكلة للحوم. بشكل عام ، يأكلون الأسماك الصغيرة والحبار. بعض من أنواع مختلفة من فريسة أنها تستهدف تشمل الأنشوجة ، الرنجة ، الماكريل ، وأكثر من ذلك.

تختلف طريقة صيدها عن معظم الأسماك المفترسة. بينما تسبح هذه السمكة في مدرسة للأسماك ، فإنها تمرر منقارها الطويل جانبياً ، مستخدمة إياها لصعق الأسماك وقتلها. بعد تأرجح فاتورته ، يأكل السمك بسرعة.

سمكة ابو شراع والتفاعل البشري

يستهدف الناس هذه السمكة للرياضة ، كما هو الحال مع معظم الأنواع في عائلة مارلين . بالإضافة إلى استهداف الصيادين الرياضيين ، تواجه هذه الأسماك أيضًا خطرًا من الصيد التجاري الذي يستهدف أنواعًا أخرى من الأسماك. يأكل الناس هذه السمكة أيضًا.

إقرأ أيضا:القرش الابيض الكبير

تدجين

لم يقم البشر بتدجين هذه السمكة بأي شكل من الأشكال.

هل يصنع سمكة ابوشراع حيوان أليف جيد

لا ، لا يمكنك الاحتفاظ بهذه السمكة كحيوان أليف. تنمو بشكل كبير جدًا بحيث لا يمكن وضعها في حوض أسماك منزلي.

رعاية سمكة ابوشراع

لا يحتفظ الناس بهذه الأسماك في أحواض السمك. إنهم يعيشون أنماط الحياة البحرية والمهاجرة ، ويمكن أن تتلف فواتيرهم الطويلة بسهولة من الاصطدام بجوانب حوض السمك.

إقرأ أيضا:معلومات وحقائق مثيرة حول قنديل البحر الخالد

سلوك سمكة ابوشراع

تعيش هذه الأسماك في مجموعات صغيرة أو بمفردها كبالغين. يتجمع الأحداث في مدارس أكبر. يقضون معظم وقتهم في السباحة بالقرب من سطح الماء بحثًا عن فريسة. موسميًا ، يخضعون لهجرات طويلة .

تكاثر سمكة ابوشراع

تتكاثر هذه الأسماك عن طريق التبويض ، حيث تطلق الإناث بيضها ويخصبها الذكور خارج الجسم. تستخدم الإناث زعانفها الظهرية لجذب رفيقة. يمكن للأنثى الواحدة أن تنتج أكثر من مليون بيضة. يستغرق البيض ما بين يومين وثلاثة أيام حتى يفقس في اليرقات الصغيرة ، وما بين ثلاث إلى أربع سنوات حتى يصل الصغار إلى مرحلة النضج الجنسي.

السابق
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